living. Joy in eternal certainty. Joy in earthly contentment. Joy in spite of his circumstances. Joy because of his Philippian partners in gospel work. This theme of joy finds its crescendo in Philippians 4:4–7. v. 4—Rejoice in the Lord always. I will say it again: Rejoice! With these words Paul calls his readers to a life of joy. As if the ongoing, enduring sense of the present imperative χαίρετε were not enough, he adds πάντοτε—“Always in all ways rejoice!”—and then underscores and repeats